台南市德光女中英文科 英文法教學補助教材 Tainan Deguang Catholic Girls’ High School English Grammar Teaching Material
省 略 to 的 不 定 詞 • 感官動詞 • 使役動詞 • 慣用語 • 用and連接的第二個不定詞 • help
一、省略to的不定詞--感官動詞 種類 1. 看（眼睛）see/watch/look at 2. 聽（耳朵）hear/listen to 3. 感覺 feel/notice
![句 型 -- 感官動詞 V原形 [主動: 強調事實] 感官動詞 ＋受詞＋ V-ing [主動: 動作的進行] p. p.](https://present5.com/presentation/5f6d92a3155324b92842795bfb7f7c0b/image-4.jpg "句 型 -- 感官動詞 V原形 [主動: 強調事實] 感官動詞 ＋受詞＋ V-ing [主動: 動作的進行] p. p.")
句 型 -- 感官動詞 V原形 [主動: 強調事實] 感官動詞 ＋受詞＋ V-ing [主動: 動作的進行] p. p. [被動]
例 句 (I) - - 感官動詞 1. We saw the police take him away. （我們看見警方帶走他） 2. We saw him taken away by the police. （我們看見他被警方帶走）
例 句 (II) - - 感官動詞 1. I listen to the man talking about his son. talk （我聽那位男士談論他的兒子） 2. They heard the story told many times. （他們聽到那個故事被說了許多次）
例 句 (III) - - 感官動詞 1. I felt the house shaking. （我感覺到房子在動。） 2. She didn’t notice anyone enter the house. （她沒有注意到任何人進入房子。）
感官動詞的被動：不可省略to 主動省略 to，但 被動 不 可省略 to 例句： We never heard her speak English. (主動） She was never heard to speak English. （被動） The man was seen to walk into the room. (被動 )
二、省略to的不定詞—使役動詞 1. make (使) 使役動詞 make have let 2. have/has (叫) 主 動 make＋受詞 ＋ V原形 have ＋受詞 ＋ V原形 let ＋受詞 ＋ V原形 3. let (讓) 被 動 make＋受詞＋ p. p. have＋受詞＋ p. p. let＋受詞＋be p. p.
例句 — 使役動詞 例句 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Mother makes us stay home. (媽媽叫我們待在家 ) Father let me drive his car. （爸爸讓我開他的車） I will have him fix my bike. （我將叫他修理我的腳踏車） I had my bike fixed yesterday. （昨天我的腳踏車送修） Peter’s hard-working makes him respected. （彼得的勤奮努力使他受尊敬） 6. Let your work be done now. (現在把你的 作做好 )
三、省略to的不定詞—慣用語 I 1. had better + V原形 最好 例句： You had better study hard. (你最好要認真讀書 ) 2. would rather + V原形 + than+ V原形 寧願…而不願… 例句： I would rather go to the movies than stay home. (我寧願去看電影也不要待在家裡。 ) 3. do nothing but + V原形 只是 例句： I always do nothing but sleep if I don’t go to work. (假如我沒上班，我就是睡覺 )
省略to的不定詞—慣用語 II 4. cannot help but + V原形 不得不 例句： I cannot help but accept his suggestion. (我不得不接受他的建議 5. ) may well + V原形 有足夠的理由… 例句： He may well buy the expensive car. (他有足夠的理由買那輛昂貴的車。 ) 6. may/might as well + V原形 不妨; 倒不如 例句： You may as well stay at home. (你待在家裡也無妨。 )
省略to的不定詞—慣用語 III 7. all + 主詞 ＋ have to do is (to) + V原形 （某人）所要 做的是…… 例句： All (that) they have to do now is (to) keep practicing. (她們現在必須做的事就是持續練習 all + 主詞 ＋ have to do is (to) + V原形 what (此句型中的all也可寫成what) )
四、用 and 或 or 連接的第二個不定詞 • She asks me to go home and (to) take a break. (她要求我回家並休息一下） • I don’t like to dance or (to) go shopping. （我不喜歡跳舞或逛街）
五、不定詞 to 的省略 -- help • help 後面的 to 常常可被省略。 Betty helps her mother (to) clean the house. （Betty 幫她媽媽清理房子）
不定詞的語態 • • to + V 表「主動」 to be + p. p. 表「被動」 例句 He wants to buy a present for his mother. 他想要買個禮物給他媽媽。 Nobody likes to be spoken ill of. 沒有人喜歡被誹謗。
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