人教版高中英语选修 7 Unit 4
定语从句 修饰主语、宾语、表语的句子就叫做 定语从句，作用相当于一个形容词。 引导定语从句的关联词有： 关系代词： that，who, whom whose, which 关系副词：when, where，why
定语从句的位置 定语从句一定放在被修饰成分之后。 e. g. This is the car that he bought last year. 先行词 定语从句
定语从句的特点 ¡ 定语从句修饰主句的主语、宾语、表语，所 以去掉定语从句后主句仍然完整。 Do you know the man who spoke just now? Do you know the man? He spoke just now.
¡ Which, that, whom代替先行词 ¡ Whose表示‘先行词的’ ¡ Where, when, why可用‘介词+which, whom’表 示
that指人或物， 在定语从句中做主语 或宾语, 作宾语时可以省略。 The house that I’m going to buy faces south. ( that代替the house) They’re talking about the film. I have seen the film. They’re talking about the film (that) I’ve seen.
Who 指人，在从句中可做主语和宾 语。作宾语时可省略。 The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. (who代替the man) The couple sent us a card. We meet the couple on holiday. The couple (who) we met on holiday sent us a card.
whom指人, 在从句中作宾语, 可省略。 e. g. Do you know the man (whom) we saw at the Beijing Hotel? (whom代替the man) The girl is from America. I called her just now. The girl (whom ) I called just now is from America.
which 指物, 在句中作主语或宾语, 作 宾语时可以省略。 e. g. I’m not interested in the book which has just been published. (which代 替the book)
I have read the newspaper. It carries the important news. I have read the newspaper which carries the important news.
* whose 指人或物，在从句中作定语。 eg. That’s the man whose house was burned down. （whose表示the man’s) The girl got first. Her father had given us a report. The girl whose father had given us a report got first.
I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in. 注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替： The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.
When: 指时间 Where: 指地点 Why: 指原因 I will never forget that day when I joined the party. (=on which) This is the house where he was born. (=in which) Tell me the reason why you were late this morning. (for which)
几种易混的情况 1. I’ll never forget the days _______ we worked together. when /in which 2. I’ll never forget the days ______ which 及物动词 ____we spent together. 3. I went to the place _______ I where/ in which worked ten years ago.
4. I went to the place _______ I which 及物动词 visited ten years ago. 5. This is the reason _______ he why/ for which was late. 6. This is the reason _____ that/which 及物动词 ____ he gave.
填空： 1. Look at that lady ______ name is Pochi. whose 2. She is a teacher _____ I like very whom/that much. 3. Those pictures _____ were drawn which/that by Tom are nice. 4. Those _____will go to the park stay here. who 5. That was all the money ______I had. that
that 6. Tom is the first boy _____left the room. 7. Look at the boy and his dog _____are that coming this way. 8. You can read any book _____I have. that 9. That was the year _____I went to when America. 10. We came to the town, ______we stayed where for 2 hours.
只用that的情况 1、Do you have anything __you want to say for yourself? 1. 当先行词是不定代词all much. little. somethin everything. anything. none. the one时 2、This is the very book __I’m looking 2. 当先行词前面有only. any. few. little. no. all. for. very等词修饰时 3、This is the best __has been used 3. 当先行词是形容词最高级或它的前面有形 against pollution. 容词最高级修饰时 4、What is the first American film __you have seen? 4. 当先行词是序数词或它前面有序数词修饰时 5、I know the things and persons__he 5. 当先行词既有人又有物时 referred to. 6. 当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时 6、Which is the bike__you lost? 7、They secretly built up a small 7. 有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已用 factory which produced things__could which，另外一个宜用that cause pollution
定语从句三步： 第一找出先行词； 第二看先行词在定语从句中 的语法功能（做主语、宾语 或状语）； 第三选择合适的关系词。
Choose the best answers: 1. This is all____I know about the matter. A. that B. what C. who D. whether 2. Is there anything else_____you want? A. which B. that C. who D. what 3. The last place _____we visited was the Great Wall. A. which B. that C. where D. it
4. Please take the second chair_______is over there. A. where B. which C. who D. that 5. Is oxygen the only gas __ helps fire burn? A. that B. / C. which D. it 6. Finally, the thief handed everything _____ he had stolen to the police（ NMET 98’) A. which B. what C. whatever D. that
7. All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those ____ in the forest. A. once the grew B. they grew once C. that once grew D. once grew. 8. I don’t like ____ you speak to her. A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which
9. The weather turned out to be very good, ____ was more than we expected. A. what B. which C. that D. it 10. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows; most of ____ hadn’t been cleaned for ten years. A. these B. those C. that D. which
Fill in the blanks with who, whom, whose, which and that. 1. The man ____ I saw told me to who/whom wait. whom 2. The man to _____ I spoke was a foreigner. whose 3. I know a boy ______ father is an acrobat. (杂技演员) whose 4. He saw a house _____ windows were all broken.
5. All the apples ____ fall are eaten by that wild boars. (野猪） 6. Can you think of anyone ____ could that look after him? 7. This is the best hotel ____ I know. that 8. He showed a machine _____ parts are whose too small to be seen.
翻译 1. 他指给我看他丢钱包的地方。 He showed me the place where he lost his wallet. 2. 我不认识那个和你说话的女孩。 I don’t know the girl whom/that you speak to. 3. 她是一个叫玛丽的女孩。 She is a girl who is called Mary.
4. 那些正在打网球的男孩是我的朋友。 Those boys who are playing tennis are my friends. 5. 你记不记得我们到这儿的那一天? Do you remember the day when we arrived here?
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