一用法 To do that sort of thing is

一、用法 To do that sort of thing is foolish。主语 I want to see you this evening. 宾语 All you have to do is to finish it quickly. 表语 We found a house to live in. 定语 She came here to study English. 状语 I warned the patient not to eat 宾补 cold water after the operation.

1. 作主语 1)常用动名词 Learning English is very important. 2)用it作形式主语用不定式 (It + be + adj. / n. + to do sth) It is important to learn English. 3)例外： It is no good /no use /no help + doing sth. It is no use arguing about it.

2. 作宾语 1) v+只跟to do learn /agree/ask/offer/happen/pretend/ promise/plan/intend/hope/wish/ decide/ refuse/ fail/ manage … She hopes to find a better job. I wish to go with you.

2)v+只跟doing finish/complete / enjoy/ mind/ practise/ consider/ suggest/advise/ miss/ avoid/ admit/ deny/ permit/ allow/forbid/imagine/understand/include/risk/dela y… keep(on)/ give up/ insist on /succeed in/ feel like / put off/ be worth/ be used to / look forward to … I enjoy playing basketball. She practises playing the piano for an hour every day. 但是advise/ consider/allow/ permit/forbid/ admit sb to do sth He advised going on a trip to Guangzhou. He advised us to go on a trip to Guangzhou.

3)V+to do/doing 区别不大。 begin /start /like/love/hate/dislike… 4)v+to do/doing 区别很大 forget /remember/stop /go on regret/ try/mean/can’t help need/want/require try to do 努力做某事 mean to do 打算做 try doing 试着做某事 mean doing 意味着 regret to do 对要做的某事表示遗憾 can’t help (to) do 不能帮忙做某事 regret doing 对已做的某事表示后 can’t help doing 情不自禁做某事悔

need/want/require sth need/ want/ require doing= sth need/ want/ require to be done 某事需要被做

3. 宾语补足语： 1）ask 类（v+sb to do sth） want / wish / order/ like /would like / help force /allow / permit /forbid / advise/ consider… She asked me to help her. The teacher told him to come on time.

2）感官动词类（V + sb. + do sth. ） see/ hear/ notice/ find/ watch/ look at/ hear/ listen to/ feel/ smell… I often hear them sing the song in the next room. We watched them play football. 3）使役动词类（V + sb. + do sth. ） make/ let / have… The teacher made me answer the question. 但这些动词用于被动结构时，省去的to要加上。 They were heard to sing a pop song. He was made to answer the question.

1. He was made _____. A. go B. gone C. going D. to go 2. Though he had often made his little sister _____, today he was made _____by his little sister. A. cry；to cry B. crying；crying B. cry；cry D. to cry；cry

注意 B. 动词不定式的否定式只须在to 前加 not. My father decided not to take up the job. The teacher told us not to be late again.

注意 C. 带疑问词的动词不定式在to 前加疑问词。 Mr. Lin will teach us how to use the computer. Can you tell me where to get the book?

注意 D. 作简短回答或避免不必要的重复时，动词不定式常常省去to 后面的动词，只保留to 。 A: Would you like to come to my party? B: Yes , I’d love to ( come to your party). Mary想用我的自行车，但我叫她别用。 Mary wanted to use my bike, but I asked her not to ( use my bike).

4. 作表语 doing 表习惯性动作； to do表将来一次性性动作 My wish is to become a scientist. My job is teaching you English.

5. 作状语不定式：作目的、结果（only之后）和原因（v. /adj. 之后）分词：作时间、条件、伴随、结果和原因（句首）不定式作目的状语：不定式用作目的状语时，其句意特点很明显，通常在译成中文时可用“为了”来表示。 To save class time, our teacher has us students do half of the exercises in class and complete the other half for our homework. Doctors worked through the night to save the life of the injured man.

不定式作结果状语 only to, enough to , too …to, never to That tool is too heavy to lift directly The temperature is high enough to change water into steam． He went home, only to find the door open and everything was gone. He left, never to come back.

（2005. 福建卷）—Can the project be finished as planned? —Sure, ______ it completed in time , we’ll work two more hours a day. A. having got B. to get C. getting D. get （2005. 广东卷）—He hurried to the station only ______ that the train had left. A. to find B. finding C. found D. to have found （2005. 重庆卷）Daddy didn’t mind what we were doing, as long as we were together, _____ fun. A. had B. have C. to have D. having

6. 作定语 to do将来的主动动作，to be done表将来的被动动作（句中有逻辑主语时用to do，若是不及物动词，要加介词） I have two books to read. Have you got anything to say? He’s looking for a room to live in. I don’t have a pen to write with. I have clothes to wash, and do you have clothes to be washed? The question to be discussed is very important.

不定式与它修饰的名词是逻辑上的动宾关系，且主语是不定式中的动词所表示动作的逻辑主语或在句中能找到其逻辑主语。 He has a lot of work to do today． Do you have anything more to say 区别：Are you going to the ball to be held on New Year’s Eve？

1. Frank is the kind of person who people like to ____. • make friend with B. make friends of C. make friends D. make friends with 2. The assistant works very hard. She is always the first _____ and the last _____. A. come, leave B. coming, leaving C. to come, to leave D. to come, leaving • 解析：由only, last, next, 序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词常用不定式做定语。再如： • She is always the first student to arrive at school.

二、动词不定式的形式一般式： to do （表将来）一般被动式：to be done 进行式： to be doing（表正在进行）完成式： to have done（表已经完成）完成被动式： to have been done 否定式: not to do

动词不定式的时态㈠. 一般式( to do ). 不定式的一般式所表示的动作（状态）同时（或几乎同时）发生，或之后发生。 1. I opened the door to enter the room. 2. Mr. Smith is going to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow.

动词不定式的时态㈡. 进行式( to be doing) 如果谓语表示的动作（情况）发生时，不定式所表示的动作正在进行。 1. I am very glad to be working with you. 2. He is said to be coming.

动词不定式的时态㈢. 完成式（to have done) 如果谓语表示的动作发生在不定式之前。 1. I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long. 2. You seemed to have read the novel written by Mr. Smith.

1. I opened the door _____(enter)the room. to enter to be held 2. Mr. Smith is going to attend the meeting _ _____(hold) tomorrow. to have studied 3. Robert is said____(study)abroad, but I didn’t know what country he studied in. 4. I am sorry____(keep) you waiting so long. to have kept 5. He didn’t like _____ (laugh). to be laughed at 6. He claimed _____(badly treat )in the supper market when he was doing shopping yesterday. to have been badly treated 7. The teacher told us _____(be ) late again. not to be

三、疑问词+动词不定式用作主语、宾语等。 When to start has not been decided. He can tell you where to get the book. I don’t know how to do it. I don’t know what to do.

四、动词不定式的复合结构： 1)for sb. to do sth 2) (It is +性格adj+)of sb. to do sth 性格adj：nice, kind, cruel, thoughtful, careful, careless… It is very important for us to learn English. It is difficult for him to finish the task in such a short time. It is very nice of you to help me. It was careless of him to make such a mistake.

达标练习 1. Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the verbs given. to adapt 1. I’m afraid it’ll be very hard for you _____ (adapt) this story for children. thinking 2. After _____ (think) everything over, she decided ________ (not resign) her post. not to resign annoyed 3. You’d better not get _____ (annoy) at his ignorance. 4. All of us are satisfied, since everything seems to be going _______(go) on smoothly.

to try 5. It might be better _____ (try) discussing _______ (discuss) in his own language as speaking he isn’t used to _______(speak) in English yet. Seen 6. _____(see) from the hilltop, the lake is extremely beautiful. to open 7. If you couldn’t get anything _____ (open) the beer bottle with, why not ____ (try) try _____(open) it with your teeth. opening 8. When I open the door I noticed someone sitting talking _____(sit) by her side ______(talk) with her.

9. He ran all the way to the station only to find _____ (find) the train had left. 10. ----Did he manage _______ (carry) to carry the truck upstairs? ----No, he didn’t. he isn’t strong enough even to move _____ (move) it. passing 11. She remembered ______ (pass) on most of the information, but she forgot to mention ______ (mention) one or two of the most important facts. 12. The enemy was reported ________ to have run (run) away two days before.

2. Translation 1. 我能听到你的声音真高兴。 It isso nice meto hear for your voice. 2. 我忘记关灯了 I am sorry have forgottenturn to to off the light. 3. Lucy告诉他不要哭。 Lucy told him to cry not.

4. 我的梦想就是成为一名科学家。 My dream is be scientist. to a 5. 我没什么可担心的。 I have nothing to worry about. 6. 为了赶车，我早早地起床了。 ( In order) to catch the bus, I got up early. 7. 我不喜欢被盯着看. I don’t like to be stared at.

一 用法 To do that sort of thing is

一用法 To do that sort of thing is