跨文化交际 Cross-cultural Communication Unit 4 Social Interaction czl@ahut. edu. cn
Unit 4. Social Interaction Objectives: 1. 2. 3. Have a better understanding of the conventions and expectations of English-speakers in areas such as inviting family members, settling on a time, paying for a meal, dealing with gifts, offering and accepting drink and food, complimenting and responding, disagreeing Be more aware of your own behavior patterns and how they are shaped by Chinese culture Know how to avoid or lessen misunderstanding in crosscultural communication and be able to convey your ideas more successfully
Unit 4. Social Interaction Warm up Activity 1. Inviting Activity 2. Footing the Bill Activity 3. Gifts Activity 4. Showing Hospitality in Different Ways Activity 5. Compliments Activity 6. Disagreeing Agreeably Review
Warm up(P. 134) • Situation 1: politeness • CN: 家无常礼 vs. UK: pls, thx • Situation 2: conversational topics, privacy, taboo, openness, directness • UK: Conversational topics privacy, taboo • CN: Why do we Chinese often ask someone’s age? • To use appropriate terms of address, such as “Lao Wang”, “Xiao Li”, or kin terms such as “uncle” or “aunt” etc. • About “taboo” • 与老外谈话的禁忌：“I, WARM, where, meal”。 • I = income；W = weight ，A = age， R = religion， M = marriage • 由此而引出“七不问”：不问对方收入，不问体重，不问年龄，不问宗教 信仰，不问婚姻状况，不问“去哪儿”，不问“吃了吗”。
Warm up(continued) • Situation 3: politeness, individual decision • UK: respect one’s own decision, “Yes”=yes, “No” = no. • Politeness is usu. shown by the expression “thank you” or “please”. • CN: decline the offer politely, “No” ≠no. • Case study: • 有位导游讲过这样一件事：在一次带队旅游中，我们的这位导游看到一位 美国老太在艰难地爬山时，便上前去搀扶她，却遭到了老人的拒绝。 • Situation 4: politeness, respect, directness, intimacy ( About “old”) • UK: dislike being labelled as “old”, being young valued above being old. • CN: “Lao” , someone who is older than the speaker, to show the politeness, respect and closeness; “Lao” = or ≠old age E. g. 老外，老 师，老虎，老鼠 etc. • There are some of many cultural differences which may lead to misunderstandings in social interactions between Chinese and native English-speakers.
Activity 1. Inviting • Task 1. Identifying Cultural Differences (P. 137) • Task 2. Having a Roast (Listening) • Task 3. Phrasing Invitations • A general rule: The more polite you are trying to be, the longer the phrases you are likely to need to use. • RSVP= please reply(French) • Task 4. Settling on a Time • The way English native speakers negotiate a time to meet is quite similar to our own. That is, normally one gives or suggests a time, then the other may find it not suitable and suggest another time, and finally a time is fixed which suits both. However, if a person who is invited doesn't want to accept the invitation, things tend to be somewhat different. E. g. • “I’m sorry, I can’t get away. ” • “I’m sorry. I’m tied up the whole week. ” • “I’m sorry, I’ve got something fixed up for then. ”
Activity 1. Inviting(continued) • Task 4. Settling on a Time (continued) • A Chinese-speaker’s explanation tends to be more detailed and longer so as “to give the other person face”. • 英美人保持交际渠道畅通的提问比中国人更具有一般性(不接触具体行为，因为那或许 是私事)和通用性。E. g. • Case 1. • A: Hi, Jack. How are you feeling? • B: Very well, thanks. How are you? (And you? ) • A: I’m terrific, thank you. • Case 2. • • 甲：(看到乙提着菜篮子)买菜？(具体行为) 乙：买菜。 • (汉文化语境中日常交际常用一种明知故问的模式) • Task 5. Guessing Relationships(Listening)
Activity 2. Footing the Bill • Task 1. Whose Treat? • Treat = an act of paying for something such as food, entertainment, or a gift, for somebody else • Text Footing the Bill (P. 148) • Q 1. What does the title mean? • • (Foot = v. to pay the full amount of something) Q 2. How do hotel guests pay ? • • • (Hotel guests can pay means by signing the bill. ) Q 3. Where do they sign? (They sign the bill at the bottom or foot. ) Q 4. To foot the bill means _____. (To pay for something. )
Activity 2. Footing the Bill(continued) • Q 5. Understand the Idioms in Footing the Bill (P. 148) through context: • 1. Go Dutch = share the cost of the meal equally between friends • 2. Pool their money = put together the right amount of money to pay for the bill. • 3. Pick up the tab = grab the bill to pay. (tab = bill) • 4. Buy his round = ask everyone what they would like and then go to the bar to get the drinks. China England Common ways of settling the bill Host pays Share the cost To pay for oneself implies Meanness Equality between friends expectations Should return favour No need to return favour
Activity 3. Gifts • • • Task 1. Taking a Look (Listening)(P. 151 ) Task 2. What to take? (Listening) Q 1. How do Chinese accept gifts? Q 2. What do they do after accepting them? Q 3. Is it different from the way in which English natives accept gifts? • Q 4. What are the common gifts in China? • Q 5. What are some common gifts in English-speaking countries?
Activity 4. Showing Hospitality in Different Ways • • • Task 1. At Cross Purposes (Listening)(P. 153 ) Face value Task 2. A Taste for Tea (Listening) cuppa = a cup of tea (colloquial English) ★English way or Chinese way? Tea with milk and sugar Some idioms: ①Not for all the tea in China (常用于否定句中) = under no circumstances （提出优厚的报酬作为条件all tea in China） ②Not my cup of tea = not what I like or not what I am suited for（非我所喜爱、关注的东西） ③A storm in a teacup = making a fuss about sth. unimportant • Other phrases and expressions: • • • Tea break / afternoon tea / high tea 红茶、绿茶、茉莉花茶、浓茶、茶馆… Black tea, green tea, Jasmine tea, strong tea, tea shop, (tea room Am. E) … ★★After tea, Mr Holmes and Dr Watson went up to the bedroom and waited. After tea ≠“喝过茶后” Here, tea refers to ______. “a meal taken around 5: 00 pm in England, usually consisting of a pot of black tea, with bread, sandwiches, biscuits and cakes. ”
Activity 5. Compliments • Listening • More examples: • Case 1. • • A: Oh，what a delicious dinner you’ve cooked！ B 1: No, no. It’s not delicious at all. You’re joking, aren’t you? (不，不，一点也不好吃，你是开玩笑吧！) B 2. You are overpraising me. (“过奖”) • (说话者感到你在怀疑他的判断力 ) B 3. Where？Where? (哪里!哪里!) (弄得外国人莫名其妙，不知所云 ) • • • B 4: Thank you. (British people respond to compliments by saying “thank you”) • Case 2. • A: What a lovely room you've got！ • B: Tank you. Personally I think it‘s one of the nicest in this block. （同意 夸赞内容）
Activity 5. Compliments（continued） • Case 3. • A: Oh，this house is adorable. • B: Well, it‘s really small, though. （部分接受，部分不接受 ） • Case 4. • A: That's a lovely blouse you're wearing！ • B: Well, I went shopping on Saturday and happened to see it in one of the stores. （不表示直接接受又不断然拒绝 ） • Case 5 • • A：You are looking very smart today. B: Thank you. So are you. (用夸奖之词回敬对方 ) • Case 6 • • • A: Oh，you've had your hair permed！It looks beautiful. B：Do you really think so？I wasn't sure whether it suited me or not. (以老老实实的讨论夸奖活)
Activity 5. Compliments（continued） • • Case 7. 西方人用英语表达称赞和反应如下： A: You did a good job. (你干得很好。) B: Thank you very much. (非常感谢。) 中国人用英语表达称赞和反应如下： A: You did the job very well. (你干得很好。) B: No, i haven't done enough. The achievement is the result of joint efforts. • (不，我做得不够，那是大家努力的结果。) • 评：上述差异是文化观念上的差异。西方人强调个人所起 的作用，中国人当然也承认这种作用，但是往往侧重或强 调个人与他人的关系以及群体的力量。我们不但要看到两 种语言表达上的差异，更要揭示深层文化价值观念的不同 之处。
Activity 6. Disagreeing Agreeably • Task 1. Different Approaches to Refusing Requests • Text ( P. 162) • Task 2. Meaning from Context • ①Phrasing a polite refusal ②Sino ③Chauffeur • ④Concede ⑤Flatly ⑥At its face value • • Task 3. White Lies and Refusals white lies = lies told with good intentions Task 4. Requesting Politely Task 5. Review
Review • 第四单元 人际间的交互作用 • 内容：介绍在处理日常生活琐事过程中人际间的交互作用。 • 教学目的：培养学员对人们在处理日常生活琐事过程中不同行为 模式的认识。 • 学习目标：通过练习学会处理邀请、约会、付帐、馈赠、请求、 恭维、招待等行为中的文化差异，了解其中的一些不成文规则， 更清楚地意识到自己的行为是如何受本族文化影响的。
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