Vitamins Ass. prof., Ph.D. Eugeniy V.

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Vitamins Ass. prof. , Ph. D. Eugeniy V. Khomutov Vitamins Ass. prof. , Ph. D. Eugeniy V. Khomutov

General  BB alanced diet Carbohydrates  Fats Proteins Minerals ? By the end of XIXGeneral BB alanced diet Carbohydrates Fats Proteins Minerals ? By the end of XIX century it was known : • Nevertheless the specific disorders (beri-beri, scurvy , pellagrs etc. ) were developing 1911 Funk obtained the substance that prevent beri from brane of rice and gave it’s the name — Vitamin (vita – life ) 5 th element

Metabolism and functions intestine absorption blood cell transport Coenzyme. Regulators,  protectors (A, D, E, K)Metabolism and functions intestine absorption blood cell transport Coenzyme. Regulators, protectors (A, D, E, K) modification The two main functions: 1. Serve as the coenzyme for the composite enzymes 2. Serve as regulators (D, A), protectors (A, E) and other specific functions (vision) Active form

Vitamin B 1 В 1 (T hiamine ) Formation of active form 2 АТ P 2Vitamin B 1 В 1 (T hiamine ) Formation of active form 2 АТ P 2 АД P Thiamin В 1 T hiamine pyrophosphate ( TPP )

Витамин B 1 Biological role:  • Oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate  Acetyl-Co. A (Metabolism ofВитамин B 1 Biological role: • Oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate Acetyl-Co. A (Metabolism of CH and energy) α -ketoglutarate Succinyl-Co. A (Metabolism of energy ) CH 3 C=O COOH pyruvate + CO 2 + ТПФТПФC H 3 C -O H • Interconversions of pentoses (транскетолазная реакция)

Vit. B 2 В 2 (Riboflavine) B 2 has 2 coenzyme forms:  FMN  иVit. B 2 В 2 (Riboflavine) B 2 has 2 coenzyme forms: FMN и

Vitamon B 2 Biological role:  • Transfer of hydrogen atoms Desorder:  Dermatitis stomatitis, glossitisVitamon B 2 Biological role: • Transfer of hydrogen atoms Desorder: Dermatitis stomatitis, glossitis angular stomatitis Seborrhea. F А D + S H 2 F А D · H 2 + S F МН + NAD H 2 ФМ D· H 2 + NAD +

Vit. B 3 В 3 or РР (Niacin) Niacin 2 coenzyme forms:  NAD + NADPVit. B 3 В 3 or РР (Niacin) Niacin 2 coenzyme forms: NAD + NADP +

Biological role:  • Hydrogen atoms transfer NAD + + S H 2  NAD ·Biological role: • Hydrogen atoms transfer NAD + + S H 2 NAD · H + S NADP + + S H 2 NADP· H + S Витамин B 3 Desorder : pellagra (3 « D » ) • Dermatitis of the exposed to sunlight sites of skin • D ementia • D iarrhea

Биологическая роль : Витамин B 5 • Перенос ацильных групп (Цикл Кребса, обмен ВЖК и пр.Биологическая роль : Витамин B 5 • Перенос ацильных групп (Цикл Кребса, обмен ВЖК и пр. ) Заболевание : • Понос • Дерматит • Остановка роста • Поседение шерсти, аллопеция • Повреждение нервной ткани, почек, надпочечников, сердца Pantos!!!

Vit. B c В c ( Folic acid ) Coenzyme form:  T etrahydrofolic acid Vit. B c В c ( Folic acid ) Coenzyme form: T etrahydrofolic acid (THFA)

Vit. B c Biological role:  • Переносчик одноуглеродных фрагментов :  •  Main sourceVit. B c Biological role: • Переносчик одноуглеродных фрагментов : • Main source of 1 -С units — serine Serine Glycine THFA Methylene-THFA Methyl-THFA H omocyst in. Methionine В 12 Purine nucleotide d ТМФ