Tula State Lev Tolstoy Pedagogical University Historical Faculty

Tula State Lev Tolstoy Pedagogical University Historical Faculty Windsor Student: Surckova Mariya Teacher: Chikov N. E. Tula, 2013

Population: 28, 324 people (2006) Original title: New Windsor renamed to Windsor in 1974.

History of the town of Windsor. 1. The earliest 2. Grounds of Windsor Castle. 3. in the Middle Ages. 4. "Black Death" 5. Tudor and Stuart 6. Gregorian and Victorian periods 7. Later periods

The earliest THE FIRST MENTION OF THE CITY IS IN THE ANGLO-SAXON CHRONICLE. ITS NAME COMES FROM THE OLD ENGLISH NAME WINDLES-ORE, OR "CROOKED RIVER BANK. " OLD WINDSOR, ASSOCIATED WITH THE RESIDENCE OF BRITISH MONARCHS, IS LOCATED MORE THAN TWO MILES FROM THE MODERN CITY.

Grounds of Windsor Castle. During the reign of King Henry I, the royal court was moved three miles up the river to the estate Clewer (mentioned in the Domesday Book as "Windsor Castle"). Around 1170, the castle was built entirely of stone. Windsor Bridge was one of the earliest built on the Thames. While the construction of the bridge and the presence of his own achievement crossing has contributed to the development of the city and strengthened his influence.

In the Middle Ages New Windsor played a leading role in the Middle Ages to 1332 becoming one of the fifty richest cities in England. Investment in reconstruction of the castle brought London jewelers, wine merchants and artisans considerable profits, and citizens as needed jobs. Henry III, a hundred years earlier, spent more money on Windsor Castle than subsequent kings to restore Westminster Abbey.

"Black Death" In 1348 the Black Death reduced the population of the city nearly doubled, but the construction projects of Edward III contributed to migration in England the decreased proliferation of the urban population. The Black Death and the subsequent epidemic of cholera, following one another with 1361 -1372, was a time of 'boom' for the local economy. In Windsor, people flocked to England the continent.

Tudor and Stuart The castle was considered the embodiment of old England, and the former shrine became known superstitions. Most of the messages of the historical chronicles says Windsor in the 16 th and 17 th century as the city of the poor from the crumbling streets and terrible living conditions. William Shakespeare in one of his works speaks of many parts of the city and the surrounding rural areas, meaning the streets near the castle and the river. Despite his royal dependence, as well as many commercial centers, the Windsor was the parliamentary city. However, reducing the number of public buildings in that period says the city is in a state of decline.

Gregorian and Victorian periods With the building of two army barracks, there has been a new development of Windsor. But the most dramatic events of the mid -XIX century were: construction of 2 branches of the railways and the palace for Queen Victoria. Excessive rebuilding and reconstruction of the medieval image of Windsor led to the destruction of the old city.

Later periods Development of most of the existing began in the mid-19 th century. After the First World War, British royal family, which had a German origin, out of patriotism changed its name from Saxe. Coburg-Gotha to Windsor.