Topic: electronic overdue The electronic device (ED) —

Topic: electronic overdue

The electronic device (ED) - a device for converting electromagnetic energy from one type to another during interaction created in electronic devices electron beams with electromagnetic fields in a medium that fills the inner space of the electronic device (vacuum, gas, semiconductor material, etc. ..)

Electronic devices can be vacuum devices and semiconductor devices and quantum electronics

Vacuum devices - electrical and radio engineering device for which you want a high vacuum, or a specific gas (sometimes a special gas mixture) at specified pressure.

Depending on the principle of vacuum devices are divided into

No category vacuum devices - current, which occurs only in conductors that are in the workspace vacuum devices (light bulbs baretery, vacuum thermocouples, etc..)

Electronic devices - current, which is the result of the directed flow of electrons moving in vacuum (vacuum tubes, cathode ray tubes, etc..)

Discharge tubes (thyratrons, gazotron, etc.).

Solid state electronic devices mainly use properties of semiconductors , the conductivity of which is very sensitive to impurities , temperature, lighting, etc. . In contact with the metal doped semiconductor or two differently doped semiconductor regions formed by the spatial zyaryadu - Schottky contacts , p-n junction, which have nonlinear current-voltage characteristics. These phenomena allow to construct semiconductor components - Diodes, transistors gradually replaced vacuum tubes from most applications.

The major areas of quantum electronics - creating lasers and masers. On the basis of quantum electronics devices built devices for accurate measurement of the distance (range finders), quantum frequency standards, quantum gyroscopes, optical multi-channel communication systems, space communications, radio astronomy

The development of semiconductor technology allow to combine various elements of the electrical circuit: transistors, diodes, resistors and capacitance on the same substrate, which led to the creation of integrated circuits or chips. Semiconductor electronics has become microelectronics. Modern interhralni schemes Join in one device hundreds of millions of transistors.

Microelectronics - a branch of modern industry, production of silicon crystals integrated circuits. Microelectronics - is an immutable foundation not only of the whole modern industry of information and computer technology, but also a great many related industries - consumer electronics, entertainment (including music and video), medical, military and automotive industries and so on.

Design and fabrication of electronic devices based on the use of a combination of various properties and physical and chemical processes. Therefore, it is necessary to deeply understand the processes used and their impact on the ability of devices to be able to precisely control these processes

With the development of electronics and improving the technology of electronic devices are expanding the scope of the achievements of electronics in all areas of human life and activity, the role in accelerating scientific and technological progress.