Sermons From Science — Aug 2014 科学布道

Sermons From Science -- Aug 2014 科学布道-- 2014年 8月 in both Sermons from Science is now published You. Tube under the name “Pastor Chui” and also in Power. Point slides and corresponding videos in the website http: //Christ. Center. Gospel. org. The contents of this presentation were taken from different sources and in the Internet. May God have all the glory. Pastor Chui http: //Christ. Center. Gospel. org ckchui 1@yahoo. com

Thank God for Those Wonderful Orchids 感谢上帝，那些美妙的兰花 n n n Recently, I came across some photos of wonderful orchids. Some of them resemble familiar animal faces; some shape like animals; some shape like birds; and other familiar objects. I observe the following: 1. They are not random. If they were, we would not recognize their patterns. 2. They were driven by programs. One familiar program is the genes. What genes drove them? It may need a Ph. D student to find out. (A gene is a segment of DNA are coiled by right-handed bases A, T, G, and C. The right-handed molecules are important. If they are mixed with the left-handed version, there will be no alpha -helices, no chromosomes, no humans, and no living animals or plants. )

Thank God for Those Wonderful Orchids 感谢上帝，那些美妙的兰花 n n n 3. The genes would not allow a flower or a leaf to keep on growing indefinitely, otherwise it would not be sustainable. 4. There is a limit to growth. 5. The growth may follow a mathematical formula. One famous formula is the Fibonacci numbers. Steven Wolfram’s cellular automata and Mandolbrot’s fractal math may explain the how’s but not the why’s of flowers and leaves. The why’s are provided by God’s Word, the Bible. God’s handiwork is to glorify Him. 6. Most of the designs are driven by symmetry. 7. Symmetry is one characteristic of design.

Thank God for Those Wonderful Orchids 感谢上帝，那些美妙的兰花 n n 8. The source of symmetry will be a topic for a Ph. D student. Radioactive tracers have been extensively used. DNA chain has a series of phosphorus atoms. By labeling the phosphorus with a radioactive atom such as P-33 (half-life ~ 25 d), the amount of phosphorus uptake can be measured with respect to time. A map of the distribution of P-33 versus time will indicate how a leaf or a flower grows. However, how these right-handed bases would produce symmetry will still be a topic of research. There is no limit to understand God’s creation. As we see these wonderful orchids and other flowers, let us all give glory to God.

Thank God for Those Wonderful Orchids 感谢上帝，那些美妙的兰花

n Gloria Deo 愿荣耀归上帝

Sermons From Science -- Aug 2014 科学布道-- 2014年 8月 in both Sermons from Science is now published You. Tube under the name “Pastor Chui” and also in Power. Point slides and corresponding videos in the website http: //Christ. Center. Gospel. org. The contents of this presentation were taken from different sources and in the Internet. May God have all the glory. Pastor Chui http: //Christ. Center. Gospel. org ckchui 1@yahoo. com

Molecular Visualizations of DNA分子的视觉效果 n Recently I came across a program in the Forbidden Knowledge TV which describes the molecular visualizations of DNA. This 7. 5 -minute video was produced by the Walter+Eliza Hall Institute (wehi) of Medical Research in Melbourne, Australia. The wehi is a large research organization which contributes much to the solution of cancer and other genetic diseases. The computer simulation is to educate the public about the workings of DNA inside every cell in our body. We have over 20 trillion cells in our body. The un-tiring feat of these mechanisms is awe-inspiring to make us breathe and think. Let us give all glory to the Creator God. The link of the program is http: //www. forbiddenknowledgetv. com/videos/biology/mole cular-visualizations-of-dna. html

n Gloria Deo 愿荣耀归上帝

Sermons From Science -- Aug 2014 科学布道-- 2014年 8月 in both Sermons from Science is now published You. Tube under the name “Pastor Chui” and also in Power. Point slides and corresponding videos in the website http: //Christ. Center. Gospel. org. The contents of this presentation were taken from different sources and in the Internet. May God have all the glory. Pastor Chui http: //Christ. Center. Gospel. org ckchui 1@yahoo. com

Accidental Chemistry Leads to New Superplastics 偶然的化学获得新超级塑胶 Magazine has an The June 14, 2014 issue of Science News n n article on the above subject written by Beth Mole. She reported that “With an accidental tweak to a classic chemical reaction, scientists have created the first easily recyclable forms of mighty plastics. The discovery could lower costs and reduce waste of everyday products. “The two nitrogen-containing polymers, a superstrong plastic and a self-healing gel, represent new types of thermoset materials, which are heat resistant and highly stable. Thermosets are widely used, from automobiles to electronic devices, and are difficult or impossible to recycle. But the new polymers easily break down into their original components, ready to reassemble. ‘This is a completely different paradigm for recycling, ’ says polymer chemist Jeannette Garcia of IBM Almaden Research Center in San Jose, California.

Accidental Chemistry Leads to New Superplastics 偶然的化学获得新超级塑胶 n “Recycling methods for standard plastics like those n in water bottles often involve melting the polymers at very high temperatures, which tends to damage the materials. With the new plastics, Garcia says, researchers completely destroy and rebuild the material. “The new materials were created by serendipity. While testing a chemical recipe, Garcia missed a step. A hard chunk of plastic appeared in her flask. After smashing the glassware to retrieve the material, Garcia found a nearly unbreakable rock of thermoset that was stable up to around 300 o to 350 o Celsius (572 o F to 662 o F).

Accidental Chemistry Leads to New Superplastics 偶然的化学获得新超级塑胶 n “Garcia’s team reports in the May 16 Science that the n chemistry is a revision of an old reaction. For years, chemists have known that combining nitrogen-containing molecules called amines with formaldehyde creates hexagon-shaped rings of carbon and nitrogen, called triazines. But by fortuitously adding a double amine—one with two nitrogens—Garcia’s team created triazines that linked together into a 3 -D network, forming a polymer with unusual powers. “’The formaldehyde-amine reaction is one of the oldest used in polymer engineering, ’ says organic chemist Bert Meijer of Eindhoven University of Technology in the Netherlands. By using it to create unique materials, the research ‘catches the eye of every materials chemist, ’ he adds.

Accidental Chemistry Leads to New Superplastics 偶然的化学获得新超级塑胶

Accidental Chemistry Leads to New Superplastics 偶然的化学获得新超级塑胶 n “Combining the formaldehyde and double amine at n n around 50 o C created a gel that, when cut apart and placed back together, reformed into a seamless whole. The self-healing gel was shelf stable, but when researchers washed it with a liquid of neutral p. H (i. e. water), it disassembled. “When heated to about 200 o C, the reaction formed the hard plastic that Garcia first discovered. That plastic breaks down in strong acid, at p. H 2, regenerating the starting materials. ” It is up to the engineers to find new applications of these materials. Thank God for the excellent reporting of Science News.

n Gloria Deo 愿荣耀归上帝

Sermons From Science -- Aug 2014 科学布道-- 2014年 8月 in both Sermons from Science is now published You. Tube under the name “Pastor Chui” and also in Power. Point slides and corresponding videos in the website http: //Christ. Center. Gospel. org. The contents of this presentation were taken from different sources and in the Internet. May God have all the glory. Pastor Chui http: //Christ. Center. Gospel. org ckchui 1@yahoo. com

T-FORCE--Reprogrammed Immune Cells T-FORCE - 重编程的免疫细胞 n The June 14, 2014 issue of Science News has an excellent article on the above subject written by Susan Gaidos. The body already has an army of cells to identify and fight a variety of invading bacteria, viruses, and pathogens. What is new is that cancer researchers now use a patient’s T cells and genetically engineered them to target proteins called antigens on the surface of cancer cells. If successful, the T cells multiply further in the patient and, with guidance from their engineered receptor, recognize and kill cancer cells.

T-FORCE--Reprogrammed Immune Cells T-FORCE - 重编程的免疫细胞 n n n To recap from the lengthy article, our body has the following army to fight infections: Macrophages are white blood cells in the bloodstream that gobble up bacteria, viruses or pathogens. Each of us has about 1 trillion T cells, each with a protective responsibility. Memory T cells remember an invader so the body can effectively respond to subsequent attacks. Killer T cells recognize and kill infected cells. A T cell that homes in on a flu virus will maintain its specificity for that virus each time the T cell divides.

T-FORCE--Reprogrammed Immune Cells T-FORCE - 重编程的免疫细胞

T-FORCE--Reprogrammed Immune Cells T-FORCE - 重编程的免疫细胞 n n n B cells are immune cells that tag invaders with antibodies so that other immune cells can find and engulf them. Treg cells are peacekeepers that keep the body from attacking its own healthy tissues. Cytokines are chemical messages released by immune cells to order an attack. Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) are genetically engineered T cells with surface receptors that bind to a specific antigen on tumor cells. This is new. It has great potential to cure a patient’s cancer. Thank God for the excellent reporting of Science News. It would stretch the imagination to think that these cells were evolved. Either they work or don’t. A 50% working system means that half the time people would be sick.

n Gloria Deo 愿荣耀归上帝

Sermons From Science -- Aug 2014 科学布道-- 2014年 8月 in both Sermons from Science is now published You. Tube under the name “Pastor Chui” and also in Power. Point slides and corresponding videos in the website http: //Christ. Center. Gospel. org. The contents of this presentation were taken from different sources and in the Internet. May God have all the glory. Pastor Chui http: //Christ. Center. Gospel. org ckchui 1@yahoo. com

“The moon is a much lesser light than the stars. ” “月亮比天上的星星是一个非常小的光。” n The Creation 36(2) 2014 magazine has a short article by Dr. Jonathan Sarfati on the above subject. He said, “Many biblioskeptics and their churchian allies bring up supposedly unanswerable points about the biblical texts, with the implication that modern science has made the Bible obsolete. In reality, many of these objections rated a proverbial yawn even to the Christians of the Middle Ages. For example, the leading systematic theologian and apologist of the period, Thomas Aquinas (AD 1225 -1274), had one section of his book Summa Theologica devoted to this, and this was citing an even earlier Christian scholar, John Chrysostom (AD 347 -407):

“The moon is a much lesser light than the stars. ” “月亮比天上的星星是一个非常小的光。” “Objection 5. Further, as astronomers say, there n n are many stars larger than the moon. Therefore the sun and the moon alone are not correctly described as the ‘the two great lights’… “Reply to Objection 5. As Chrysostom says, the two lights are called great, not so much with regard to their dimensions as to their influence and power. For though the stars be of greater bulk than the moon, yet the influence of the moon is more perceptible to the senses in this lower world. Moreover, as far as the senses are concerned, its apparent size is greater.

“The moon is a much lesser light than the stars. ” “月亮比天上的星星是一个非常小的光。” n “Furthermore, many of these biblioskeptics seem unaware that modern astronomers use exactly the same sort of language. Stars even today are classified in terms of their apparent brightness by their magnitude, from the Latin magnus meaning big or great. This is a logarithmic scale, where a magnitude 1 star is 2. 512 times brighter than a magnitude 2 star. This number means that every five magnitude steps is a brightness factor of 100. So a magnitude 1 star is 100 times brighter than a magnitude 6 star, around the faintest stars we can see with the naked eye.

“The moon is a much lesser light than the stars. ” “月亮比天上的星星是一个非常小的光。”

“The moon is a much lesser light than the stars. ” “月亮比天上的星星是一个非常小的光。”a n “On this scale, Sirius, the brightest star in the night sky, has n n magnitude of -1. 46, but the moon’s mean magnitude is -12. 7 and the sun’s is -16. 7. And remember, because of the logarithmic scale, a small magnitude difference can mean a very large ratio of brightness. So the moon is 11. 24 magnitudes brighter than Sirius, but 31, 000 times brighter. “Astronomers do use a term absolute magnitude to reflect the intrinsic brightness of an astronomical object, sometimes in contrast with the apparent magnitude, the normal meaning of ‘magnitude’. The absolute magnitude is defined as the apparent magnitude if the object were 10 parsecs (32. 6 light years) away. So the sun’s absolute magnitude is only 4. 83— at 10 parsecs away, it would be only about a fifth-magnitude star. ” Thank God for Dr. Sarfati’s contribution.

n Gloria Deo 愿荣耀归上帝

Sermons From Science -- Aug 2014 科学布道-- 2014年 8月 in both Sermons from Science is now published You. Tube under the name “Pastor Chui” and also in Power. Point slides and corresponding videos in the website http: //Christ. Center. Gospel. org. The contents of this presentation were taken from different sources and in the Internet. May God have all the glory. Pastor Chui http: //Christ. Center. Gospel. org ckchui 1@yahoo. com

The Lake Missoula Flood 米苏拉湖洪水 n The Creation 36(2) 2014 magazine has an article on the above subject written by meteorologist Michael J. Oard. The abstract of the article says, “It is difficult to comprehend fully the immense, almost unimaginable power of the Genesis Flood—because of its sheer size. Its vast volume of water would affect the rates of erosion and sediment deposition in ways not comparable to anything happening today. Its retreat would form unique patterns over the entire earth. However, although present-day floods cannot compare, there was a flood large enough to give us a tiny glimpse as to what a gigantic global-scale flood could accomplish in a short time. It is the Lake Missoula flood, which happened at the peak of the Ice Age, about 4000 years ago. ”

The Lake Missoula Flood 米苏拉湖洪水 n “In the deep valleys of western Montana, USA, one of the largest temporary lakes in the world developed during the Ice Age—glacial Lake Missoula. It was formed by meltwater ponding behind a finger of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet, which extended south into northern Idaho. The lake was about 610 m (2, 000 ft) deep near this ice dam, and 305 m (1, 000 ft) deep over the current city of Missoula, Montana, after which the lake and flood have been named. It had a volume of about 2, 200 cubic kilometers (540 cubic miles), nearly five times the volume of Lake Erie, one of the Great Lakes that straddle the border of the US and Canada. About forty generally evenly-spaced shorelines from the lake can be seen along the nearby foothills. These probably formed when the winter water level remained stationary after each summer of filling.

The Lake Missoula Flood 米苏拉湖洪水

The Lake Missoula Flood 米苏拉湖洪水 n “After the Ice Age passed its peak, and the glacial ice continued to melt, the ice dam gave way, catastrophically emptying glacial Lake Missoula within a few days, and spilling water across eastern Washington and northern Oregon for about a week. The water moved at speeds greater than 100 km/h (60 mph) in places. It was about 180 m (600 ft) deep when it passed over the current location of Spokane, Washington, and 120 m (400 ft) deep by the time it reached Portland, Oregon. The water eroded 200 km 3 (50 mi 3) of soft silt and hard basalt. This amazingly rapid erosion of rock and sediment gives us an idea of the amount and speed of erosion that took place during the Genesis Flood, which was thousands of times larger. When considering this, note that as flood size increases, the effects don’t just go up in a simple one-to-one proportion, but become much greater.

The Lake Missoula Flood 米苏拉湖洪水 n “Not all of the Missoula floodwater was able to pass through a narrow gap in south-central Washington, so it backed up and formed an instant lake around 245 m (800 ft) deep in central Washington. This spread sediments up tributary deposits up to 30 m (100 ft) thick. This is a good example of how quickly thick layers can form in a flood. It is not difficult to believe the Genesis Flood could lay down thousands of meters of layers over large areas.

The Lake Missoula Flood 米苏拉湖洪水

The Lake Missoula Flood 米苏拉湖洪水 n n “For forty years, secular geologists denied the Lake Missoula flood happened, despite hundreds of pieces of evidence. They thought it was too ‘biblical’ in scale. Although it is now accepted, most secular geologists believe forty or more separate floods have occurred. “In truth, the data overwhelmingly indicate there was only one large Lake Missoula flood, but possibly followed by a few smaller floods. Eight secular geologists from Canada re-evaluated the evidence and also concluded there was only one Lake Missoula flood. So all the erosion and deposition was from just one large flood. This provides a tiny example of how the Flood could have deposited some layers and eroded others during the global Flood of Genesis 6 -8.

The Lake Missoula Flood 米苏拉湖洪水

The Lake Missoula Flood 米苏拉湖洪水 n “In some areas during the Lake Missoula flood, it appears erosion from wide currents planed the basalt to a nearly flat surface, called a planation surface. Then the flow became channelized, and the resulting erosion dissected the surface, cutting it into smaller areas. One of the erosional channels is the Grand Coulee, which is 80 km (50 mi) long, up to 9 km (6 mi) wide, and 275 m (900 ft) deep. The pattern of eroding the land surface flat over a large area, and then dissecting it into smaller pieces, is similar to what we would expect to take place during the Recessive Stage of the Genesis Flood. This same pattern is readily observed all over the world.

The Lake Missoula Flood 米苏拉湖洪水 n “The Lake Missoula flood left behind a few tall, erosional remnants, like Steamboat Rock, which is found in the middle of the upper Grand Coulee. It is composed of basalt bedrock and is 275 m (900 ft) high. Thousands of similar remnants are found around the world, such as Devils Tower in northeast Wyoming, USA, and the spectacular Vingerklip in Namibia’s Etosha Park.

The Lake Missoula Flood 米苏拉湖洪水

The Lake Missoula Flood 米苏拉湖洪水 n “If the continents had been eroding for hundreds of thousands to millions of years all of these tall monuments would have been destroyed because erosion is much faster on vertical faces than on horizontal or sloping surfaces (aided by gravity). The Lake Missoula flood demonstrates how tall erosional remnants form quickly during the runoff of a gigantic flood.

The Lake Missoula Flood 米苏拉湖洪水 n “A third feature comparable to the Genesis Flood runoff is water gaps, narrow gorges containing a stream or river that runs through mountains and ridges. The most spectacular water gap from the Lake Missoula Flood is the Palouse Canyon. As the floodwaters spilled southward across southeast Washington they flowed over the top of a 150 m (500 ft) ridge, and carved a narrow canyon 150 m (500 ft) deep. The water of the Palouse River once drained west, but after the Lake Missoula flood, it drained south through the narrow Palouse Canyon and into the Snake River.

The Lake Missoula Flood 米苏拉湖洪水

The Lake Missoula Flood 米苏拉湖洪水 n “This gives us insight into how the Genesis Flood carved the many thousands of water gaps that are seen to cut through mountains and ridges all over the earth. For example, the Shoshone water gap near Cody, Wyoming, is a 760 m (2, 500 ft) deep cut through the Rattlesnake Mountains. Today, the Shoshone River passes through it, but that river could not have carved the gap. The river would have easily been able to pass around the end of the mountains through a low area instead. Water flowing over the top of Rattlesnake Mountains and then draining away during the Genesis Flood runoff easily explains the Shoshone water gap.

The Lake Missoula Flood 米苏拉湖洪水

The Lake Missoula Flood 米苏拉湖洪水 n n “The Lake Missoula flood gives us a greater understanding of the erosion and deposition that took place during the Inundatory Stage of the Genesis Flood. It also aids in our understanding of the effects of the Flood water draining from the continents (the Recessive Stage). This would be characterized first by currents flowing in wide sheets, then later by narrower currents flowing in channels. The wide currents would rapidly erode large sheets of sedimentary rock, forming flat plateaus and tall erosional remnants. The later narrower water flows running perpendicular to the mountain barriers would rapidly dissect the surface, forming water gaps. ” Thank God for meteorologist Michael Oard’s contribution.

Gloria Deo 愿荣耀归上帝

Sermons From Science -- Aug 2014 科学布道-- 2014年 8月 in both Sermons from Science is now published You. Tube under the name “Pastor Chui” and also in Power. Point slides and corresponding videos in the website http: //Christ. Center. Gospel. org. The contents of this presentation were taken from different sources and in the Internet. May God have all the glory. Pastor Chui http: //Christ. Center. Gospel. org ckchui 1@yahoo. com

Time to Refuel or Not? 要加油或不加油？ n The Creation 36(2) 2014 magazine has an article on the above subject written by Dr. David Catchpoole. “One of man’s clever inventions is the fuel gauge used in cars. In modern ones, there is often even a warning light that comes on when it’s ‘time to refuel’. Another is the valve on fuelfilling nozzles that shuts off to prevent overfilling and wastage/spilling. But our human body has analogous devices, too.

Time to Refuel or Not? 要加油或不加油？ n “Once, while lunching with an older acquaintance, I complimented him to his slim physique at a time when many in society were tending towards obesity. His answer astonished me. He said, ‘I can’t take any credit for that because it seems I don’t have the urge to eat that other folks have. ’ He could not recall even having known what it was like to feel ‘hungry’. Eating gave him no pleasure nor was there any urge to do so. ‘The only reason I know I have to eat is because experience has shown that if I don’t, after a day or so I notice I’m tired and listless. So I know I have to eat to get my energy back. ’

Time to Refuel or Not? 要加油或不加油？ n “It seems his internal ‘fuel gauge’ and ‘low-fuel warning light’ were broken. Our body also has an appetite ‘switch-off’ mechanism similar in effect to the automatic cut-off of a fuel nozzle, so as not to ‘over-fill’. In some obese people the ‘Enough fuel, already!’ click-off mechanism is known to be faulty. However, it can be hard to identify precisely where the problem lies, as a range of hormones is known to be involved in the body’s food-feedback systems, and the processes are far from fully understood. However, some insights are emerging.

Time to Refuel or Not? 要加油或不加油？ n n “In the 1990 s, scientists discovered the hormone leptin, produced by the ob gene. Leptin is now known to curb appetite. High levels activate certain of he brain’s nerve cells, or neurons, in a way that suppresses the desire to eat, instead generating a feeling of ‘fullness’. Low levels, on the other hand, stimulate hunger. “How exactly leptin achieves this, and thus helps the body’s delicate balance between energy intake (eating) and energy usage (exercise and metabolism), isn’t completely known yet. Many scientists suspect that leptin might be as crucial as the hormone insulin in this function. When leptin levels are low, the sight and smell of tasty food can stimulate an immediate desire to eat. But sight and smell don’t have anything like the same impact when leptin levels are high.

Time to Refuel or Not? 要加油或不加油？ n n “Researchers have observed that giving the leptin hormone to obese people born without the ob gene (and who thus lacked their own naturally-produced leptin) reduced their hunger pangs. They ate less, and so were able to lose weight. “Unfortunately for those who might therefore have hoped that leptin could be used to treat all obesity, ‘the story turned out to be much more complicated. ’ It’s only a minority of obese people who lack the ob gene. Most obese people have the ob gene, but it produces so much leptin that they’ve become resistant to its effects. Researchers are endeavoring to understand the mechanism of the resistance.

Time to Refuel or Not? 要加油或不加油？

Time to Refuel or Not? 要加油或不加油？ n n “Another hormone now known to have a key role in appetite is ghrelin, which stimulates appetite. As the stomach empties itself of the previous meal. Bloodstream levels of the ghrelin hormone rise rapidly, signaling to the body that ‘it’s time to eat!’ Then as soon as the stomach becomes full, ghrelin levels fall again. “In people who lose weight through dieting, ghrelin levels become ‘chronically high’—which might help explain why many people struggle to adhere to such weight loss programs.

Time to Refuel or Not? 要加油或不加油？ “Researchers are also investigating the receptors, or ‘docking n n sites’, on neurons for a hormone called melanocortin-4. When these receptors are working properly, they help to suppress appetite. But defective receptors lead to ‘morbid obesity’. “These hard-won insights into the intricacies of the body’s appetite-control systems point to far greater complexity than that of the car fuel gauge and nozzle overfill-prevention mechanisms. Surely nobody would say that fuel gauges and automatic pump shut-off gadgetry were not designed. The human engineers certainly deserve the credit for their designs, so how much more honor is due to the Designer of the human body’s intricate stomach-sight-smell intertwined feedback systems? And the fact that they now don’t always work is the result of Adam’s fall into sin, which brought about God’s just curse on creation.

Time to Refuel or Not? 要加油或不加油？ n n “When someone is born lacking hunger signals, or with the defective food-feedback mechanisms in certain obese people today, these are examples of genomic decay (mutations). This is all part of the ‘bondage to decay’ (Romans 8: 19 -22) to which the originally ‘very good’ creation (Genesis 1: 31) was subjected— because of the first man’s sin (Genesis 2: 16 -17; Romans 5: 12, 17; I Corinthians 15: 21 -22). No wonder then that genomic decay (due to mutations) is increasingly in evidence. For example, people lacking the ob gene, or unresponsive to the appetitesuppressing leptin it produces, or with defective melanocortin-4 receptors. ” Thank God for Dr. Catchpoole’s contribution.

n Gloria Deo 愿荣耀归上帝

Sermons From Science -- Aug 2014 科学布道-- 2014年 8月 in both Sermons from Science is now published You. Tube under the name “Pastor Chui” and also in Power. Point slides and corresponding videos in the website http: //Christ. Center. Gospel. org. The contents of this presentation were taken from different sources and in the Internet. May God have all the glory. Pastor Chui http: //Christ. Center. Gospel. org ckchui 1@yahoo. com

DNA Code Minimizes Copying Errors DNA代码减小复制错误 n The Creation 36(2) 2014 magazine has a short article on the above subject written by Dominic Statham. “The code used to specify the form of proteins has a property known as ‘redundancy’. Having four ‘letter’ (known as ‘bases’ or ‘nucleotides’) and three letter ‘words’ (known as ‘codons’), there are 43 = 64 possible ‘words’ or ‘codons’. However, only 20 are needed, as there are only 20 amino acids used to make proteins. Consequently, more than one codon can be used to specify a particular amino acid. In fact, the four codons GTT, GTC, GTA, GTG all specify the amino acid valine; the four codons GGT, GGC, GGA, GGG all specify the amino acid glycine. In both cases, any error in the third base will still result in the correct amino acid being selected. Similarly, errors in codons specifying other amino acids will often still result in the correct amino acid being used.

DNA Code Minimizes Copying Errors DNA代码减小复制错误 in an incorrect amino n “Moreover, even if an error results acid being selected, the code is so cleverly designed that the one selected is likely to be a good substitute. Different amino acids have different characteristics (that is why different sequences of amino acids produce proteins having different functions). For example, some amino acids are acidic, other basic, whereas others are hydrophobic (repelled by water). The codon GTG specifies the amino acid valine, which is hydrophobic. An error resulting in the second letter changing to C substitutes the codon GCG which specifies another hydrophobic amino acid, alanine. Similarly, an error resulting in the first letter changing to C substitutes the codon CTG which specifies the hydrophobic amino acid leucine.

DNA Code Minimizes Copying Errors DNA代码减小复制错误

DNA Code Minimizes Copying Errors DNA代码减小复制错误with amino acids is one n “The code that associates codons of a number used to control protein production. For example, DNA is wrapped into bundles known as chromosomes, and the way the DNA is wrapped is used to control which proteins are made. By packing the DNA loosely or tightly, for example, genes can be switched on or off as needed. This is known as the ‘Histone Code’. Gene regulation is also effected by attaching groups to/from the DNA. These kinds of regulatory systems are known as ‘epigenetic’ from the Greek word ‘epi’, meaning ‘upon’. They act upon the genome, facilitating its programming, enabling different programs to be run dependent upon the organism’s needs at a particular time.

DNA Code Minimizes Copying Errors n n n DNA代码减小复制错误 “Often a gene will be used to produce a number of different proteins. This is achieved by copying genes and then splicing them, assembling together bits of different genes. This is controlled by a ‘Splicing Code’. “No evolutionist has ever shown how such a sophisticated information system could have evolved by the Darwinian process. People who believe such things do so by an act of blind faith. ” Thank God for scientist Dominic Statham for his contribution.

n Gloria Deo 愿荣耀归上帝

Sermons From Science -- Aug 2014 科学布道-- 2014年 8月 in both Sermons from Science is now published You. Tube under the name “Pastor Chui” and also in Power. Point slides and corresponding videos in the website http: //Christ. Center. Gospel. org. The contents of this presentation were taken from different sources and in the Internet. May God have all the glory. Pastor Chui http: //Christ. Center. Gospel. org ckchui 1@yahoo. com

Pollen Problem 花粉问题 n n The Creation 36(2) 2014 magazine has an article by the above subject written by Dr. Don Patten. “Researchers have reported finding several types of pollen from flowering plants in ‘dinosaur rock’ (Middle Triassic). On the evolutionary timeline this puts the origin of flowering plants ‘ 100 million years earlier’ than previously accepted. “Although such extensions in fossil ranges happen quite often, this one negates a long-held dogma of the evolutionary storyline. That is because these fossils would mean that flowering plants were present even at the beginning of the supposed dinosaur era.

Pollen Problem 花粉问题 the dioramas in museums, and children’s n “Consequently n books on dinosaurs, ought to show flowering plants living at the same time as dinosaurs. To date, however, you would be hard-pressed to find any such plants illustrated, reinforcing the false idea that dinosaurs lived in an entirely different ‘other world’. “The Bible tells us that the creation of plants (including flowering plants) on Day 3 of Creation Week actually predated the creation of dinosaurs on Day 6. And the rock strata with fossils do not represent the order of appearance and extinction over billions of years as the evolutionary paradigm would claim, but instead reflect the order of burial during and since the global Flood of Noah’s day (Genesis 6 -9; Luke 17: 26 -27), only about 4, 500 years ago.

Pollen Problem 花粉问题

Pollen Problem 花粉问题 n n n “No wonder that one finds pollen all the way down in Precambrian strata (supposedly more than a billion years before dinosaurs!)*. Pollen, and many other fossils dramatically ‘out of place’ in relation to evolution’s supposed ‘timeline’, present a major problem to defenders of Darwin’s ideas. ” Thank God for Dr. Patten’s contribution. *Stainforth, R. , Occurrence of pollen and spores in the Roraima Formation of Venezuela and British Guiana, Nature 210(5033): 292 -294, 1966.

n Gloria Deo 愿荣耀归上帝

Sermons From Science -- Aug 2014 科学布道-- 2014年 8月 in both Sermons from Science is now published You. Tube under the name “Pastor Chui” and also in Power. Point slides and corresponding videos in the website http: //Christ. Center. Gospel. org. The contents of this presentation were taken from different sources and in the Internet. May God have all the glory. Pastor Chui http: //Christ. Center. Gospel. org ckchui 1@yahoo. com

A Jetliner for a Fuel-Starved Future 未来燃料匮乏的客机 n The Popular Science June 2014 has an article on the above subject by Bryan Lufkin. He said, “An MIT team has turned a multi-million-dollar NASA contract into the most advanced rethink to date of the classic passenger jet. The design, nicknamed the Double Bubble, calls for an extra-wide fuselage and rear-mounted turbo-fan engines. The configuration would allow the craft to burn 70% less fuel than a Boeing 737 while producing significantly less noise and nitrogen oxide, a pollutant that causes acid rain.

A Jetliner for a Fuel-Starved Future 未来燃料匮乏的客机 n n n “So when can we board? NASA says it would like to see the 180 -seat craft airborne by 2035, when air traffic is projected to double. Engineers will push toward that goal this summer, when they subject a scale model to a second round of wind-tunnel tests at Langley Research Center. Here’s a look at some of the fuel-saving features they will scrutinize. “Fuselage: At 17. 3 feet across, the fuselage is nearly five feet wider than a 737’s. The extra girth increases lift and makes for roomier coach. “Lifting nose: The upturned nose shifts the center of lift forward, reducing the downward tail force necessary and allowing for a smaller, lighter tail.

A Jetliner for a Fuel-Starved Future 未来燃料匮乏的客机

A Jetliner for a Fuel-Starved Future 未来燃料匮乏的客机 n n n “Wingspan: The reduced cruising speed (about 10% slower than a 737) affords a longer wingspan. The long wings decrease drag and boost efficiency. “Aft engines: Engines mount at the rear of the plane instead of beneath the wings. In this position air hits the engine inlets at a slower speed, so less power is necessary to provide the same amount of thrust. The engine fans are smaller too, resulting in a quieter flight. ” Thank God for Popular Science’s excellent reporting.

n Gloria Deo 愿荣耀归上帝

Sermons From Science -- Aug 2014 科学布道-- 2014年 8月 in both Sermons from Science is now published You. Tube under the name “Pastor Chui” and also in Power. Point slides and corresponding videos in the website http: //Christ. Center. Gospel. org. The contents of this presentation were taken from different sources and in the Internet. May God have all the glory. Pastor Chui http: //Christ. Center. Gospel. org ckchui 1@yahoo. com

The Science of Bubbles 气泡的科学 n n The Popular Science June 2014 has an article on the above subject by Flora Lichtman. She said, “Bubbles may seem pretty ordinary. We tend to think of them just as beverage enhancers or entertainment for small children. But scientists are uncovering another side of bubbles: They can perform computations, drive climate, and even act as weapons. ‘I could teach an entire course on bubbles, ’ says James Bird, a mechanical engineer and bubble expert at Boston University. ‘The more I learn about them, the more I realize how much we don’t know. ’ Here, in celebration of summer, the unofficial season of the bubble, we offer a glimpse into the hidden world of this common, albeit little understood form. “ 3, 000 ft: width of recently discovered methane plumes bubbling up from the seabed in the Russian Arctic.

The Science of Bubbles 气泡的科学 n n “ 1/1, 000 of a second: The average time it takes for a bubble to pop: a millisecond. “ 100 million: Estimated number of bubbles contained within a 0. 75 -liter champagne bottle. “Hunting: Scientists have found that when a mantis shrimp strikes, its claw pulls water molecules away from one another, creating a pocket of low pressure in which the water vaporizes. The vapor forms an unstable bubble which quickly implodes, emitting enough force in the process to pummel unsuspecting prey. “Weapons: Russian engineers used a technique called supercavitation to propel the Shkval torpedo to a record-setting 230 mph (200 knots). As the nose of the torpedo deflects water, it creates a bubble of vapor which decreases the torpedo’s contact with the surrounding liquid, reducing friction and increasing speed.

The Science of Bubbles 气泡的科学

The Science of Bubbles 气泡的科学 n n n “Computing: Bubbles can be bits. Researchers made logic gates with bubbles that move through etched tubes and act like electrons in circuits. Because bubbles— unlike electrons—can also carry chemical payloads, a bubble computer could, in theory, ferry medications in addition to doing computations. “Climate: ‘In effect, bubbles are helping the ocean breathe, ’ says Helen Czerski of the University College London. She showed that, upon popping, bubbles within breaking waves release aerosols of salt and sulfur, seeding clouds. She has also shown that bubbles are integral to healthy gas exchange in oceans. ” Thank God for the excellent reporting of Popular Science.

n Gloria Deo 愿荣耀归上帝

Sermons From Science -- Aug 2014 科学布道-- 2014年 8月 in both Sermons from Science is now published You. Tube under the name “Pastor Chui” and also in Power. Point slides and corresponding videos in the website http: //Christ. Center. Gospel. org. The contents of this presentation were taken from different sources and in the Internet. May God have all the glory. Pastor Chui http: //Christ. Center. Gospel. org ckchui 1@yahoo. com

Treat Crime Forensics like Real Science 对待犯罪取证像真科学 an article on the above The Popular Science June 2014 has n subject by Virginia Hughes. She said, “John Mc. Cormick, a 63 year-old cab driver, was on his porch the morning of July 26, 1978, when he was robbed and shot dead. His wife, awakened by the commotion, reported that she saw the assailant flee wearing a face stocking, which investigators later found near the scene. Police identified 17 -year-old Santae Tribble as the prime suspect after an informant linked him to the gun. At Tribble’s trial, an FBI agent testified that one of his hairs found in the stocking ‘matched in all microscopic characteristic’ to Tribble. While half a dozen witnesses corroborated Tribble’s alibi, the hair was enough to convince the jury. Tribble served 23 years before he was paroled in 2003. Nine years later, mitochondrial DNA testing on the same hair samples revealed that Tribble was no match at all. In fact, one of the hairs was canine.

Treat Crime Forensics like Real Science 对待犯罪取证像真科学 n “Tribble is one of more than 350 people who have been exonerated by DNA testing after going to prison. Horrifically, 18 of the wrongly accused made it to death row before the truth came to light. It’s no secret that sloppy forensic science shoulders a lot of the blame. The Innocence Project has found, for example, that unverified or improper forensic analysis has contributed to more than 50 percent of its DNA exonerations. The National Research Council, meanwhile, released a blistering 328 -page report in 2009 calling out qualitative forensic practices such as those routinely used to compare hair, bite marks, bullet markings, shoe patterns, and tire prints.

Treat Crime Forensics like Real Science 对待犯罪取证像真科学 n “But it’s not just bad science that’s driving the problem. n After all, some techniques, such as DNA analysis and blood typing, bear the imprimatur of rigorous, reliable research. The bigger issue is the way people perform the techniques—that is, largely without scientific training, oversight, or standardization. “Take the troubled crime lab of St. Paul, Minnesota. In 2012, it suspended all drug and fingerprint analysis after lawyers revealed that its operators had no standardized procedures, possessed little understanding of basic science, submitted illegible reports, and used dirty equipment. Like many crime labs in the U. S. , it hadn’t been accredited by an independent forensic-science organization—something that’s required in only a few states.

Treat Crime Forensics like Real Science 对待犯罪取证像真科学

Treat Crime Forensics like Real Science 对待犯罪取证像真科学 noted, ‘nearly anyone “As the National Research Council report n with a garage and some capital could theoretically open a forensics laboratory. ’ Things are slowly improving. In January, the U. S. Departments of Justice and Commerce created a National Commission of Forensic Science to establish countrywide standards. The panel includes forensic scientists, lawyers, and police who are tasked with writing recommendations for the U. S. attorney general. Some rules, such as requiring crime labs to be clean and accredited, are nobrainers. But the justice system should also invest more money into a woefully neglected area: forensic-science training programs. Most programs don’t go beyond the undergraduate level, and many focus on the criminal-justice system rather than science and statistics. As the mess in St. Paul revealed, even the best technology is useless if analysts on the front lines don’t know how to use it. ” Thank God for the excellent reporting of

n Gloria Deo 愿荣耀归上帝

Sermons From Science -- Aug 2014 科学布道-- 2014年 8月 in both Sermons from Science is now published You. Tube under the name “Pastor Chui” and also in Power. Point slides and corresponding videos in the website http: //Christ. Center. Gospel. org. The contents of this presentation were taken from different sources and in the Internet. May God have all the glory. Pastor Chui http: //Christ. Center. Gospel. org ckchui 1@yahoo. com

What’s the World to Do about Water 世界怎么样处理水 n n The Popular Science June 2014 has an article on the above subject by Michael E. Webber. He said, “In 2007, when my daughter was seven years old, we would brush our teeth together every night as part of our daily ritual. To conserve water, we would turn off the faucet after wetting our brushes and turn it back on only to rinse. One night, I didn’t turn off the water fast enough to her liking. She turned off the faucet, made an angry face at me, and growled. ‘Turn off the water, Daddy. The scientists need time. ’ “That statement still resonates with me today, not only because of her precociousness but also because she was exactly right. Kids seem to intuitively get this: We need to conserve our resources to buy ourselves time so scientists can find new solutions to our problems. And this is especially true for water.

What’s the World to Do about Water 世界怎么样处理水 n n “Water is on track to be the most important and most contentious resource of the 21 st century. It could replace oil as the strategic resource that triggers geopolitical conflict. But with the right solutions, it could also be the one that brings us all together. “In 2003, the late Nobel Laureate Richard Smalley gave a lecture at Rice University’s Energy and Nanotechnology Conference highlighting humanity’s top 10 problems for the next 50 years. His list, in descending order of importance, was: energy, water, food, environment, poverty, terrorism and war. Disease, education, democracy, and population.

What’s the World to Do about Water 世界怎么样处理水 water sit at the top, ahead of food n “The reason energy and n and poverty, is that addressing them alleviates subsequent problems. Developing abundant sources of clean, reliable, affordable energy enables an abundance of clean water. An abundance of clean water enables food production and protects the environment. And so forth. “In many ways, the 1900 s was the century of energy conflict, with great skirmishes triggered and fueled by a quest for petroleum. Now, the dawn of a new energy era is just around the corner—with the prices of solar power plummeting, and distributed generation and energy efficiency on the cusp of taking off—and we can project forward to a time this century when water replaces energy as the next great challenge for humanity.

What’s the World to Do about Water 世界怎么样处理水 clear the path to a fully liberated, n “Getting water right could n healthy, and peaceful civilization. “But water is complicated. First, there’s no alternative. There alternatives to coal and petroleum, but water cannot be replaced. Second, water is intertwined with every other sector of society. Energy production requires water for cooling power plants and fracturing shale. Agriculture needs water for irrigation. Industry and cities use trillions of gallons of water for all sorts of purposes. Third, water demands are growing at the same time supplies are fluctuating. Climate change is expected to intensify droughts and floods while shifting where water will be and when. That means humanity will be confronted with decisions about whether to move people to water or water to people.

What’s the World to Do about Water 世界怎么样处理水 n “Thankfully, there are solutions. Some are large, incredibly n expensive, and energy-intensive, such as building crosscontinent water-transfer aqueducts, new hydroelectric dams, and massive desalination plants. Some are small, such as using micro water harvesters that condense water vapor out of the air. All of them take a while. “In April 1961, President John F. Kennedy said, ‘If we could ever competitively—at a cheap rate—get freshwater from saltwater, it would be in the long-range interest of humanity and would really dwarf any other scientific accomplishments. ’ That was one month before his famous moon-shot speech. Before the decade was over, we sent man to the moon and back. But we still haven’t cracked the code on how to get freshwater from saltwater without a lot of money and energy.

What’s the World to Do about Water 世界怎么样处理水

What’s the World to Do about Water 世界怎么样处理水 our great innovation n “That’s mainly because n n apparatus has not been dedicated to water. Research budgets have prioritized energy, defense, and health while mostly ignoring water, even though fixing water would help our energy, defense, and health problems. If we spent as much money looking for water on Earth as we do searching for it on Mars, the outcomes might be very different. “In the end, we can solve the water problem. But we need aggressive conservation that will buy us time while our inventors get to work. ” Thank God for the excellent reporting of Popular Science.

n Gloria Deo 愿荣耀归上帝

Sermons From Science -- Aug 2014 科学布道-- 2014年 8月 in both Sermons from Science is now published You. Tube under the name “Pastor Chui” and also in Power. Point slides and corresponding videos in the website http: //Christ. Center. Gospel. org. The contents of this presentation were taken from different sources and in the Internet. May God have all the glory. Pastor Chui http: //Christ. Center. Gospel. org ckchui 1@yahoo. com

Balancing Water to Save Lives 平衡水，拯救生命 n The Popular Science June 2014 has an article on the above subject by Veronique Greenwood. She said, “Maintaining a perfect cellular water balance is crucial for our bodies to function as they should. That’s the job of tiny proteins known as aquaporins, which channel water across cell membranes. Recently, scientists discovered that aquaporins are present in tumors and may accelerate the growth of certain cancers. Researchers have also discovered that Devic’s disease, an incurable autoimmune disorder that can lead to paralysis, is caused by antibodies that attack aquaporins.

Balancing Water to Save Lives 平衡水，拯救生命 n “Multiple labs are targeting aquaporins as they work to develop new treatments for disease. For cancer, that means identifying a molecule that can block aquaporins in tumor cells. It’s a difficult challenge. ‘Water always finds a way in, ’ says Dr. Alan Verkman, professor of medicine and physiology at the University of California at San Francisco. The leading inhibitors are heavy metals, like mercury. While too poisonous now, they are still fertile ground for researchers and may be viable in the future.

Balancing Water to Save Lives 平衡水，拯救生命

Balancing Water to Save Lives 平衡水，拯救生命 n n “Closer to realization may be a therapy for Devic’s disease, which in addition to paralysis can cause rapid blindness and loss of bladder and bowel control. Verkman’s lab has identified a molecule that can block the antibodies targeting aquaporins, and it has shown promise in preclinical trials. Water gives life, as the saying goes, but understanding and manipulating how it moves through cells may prove to be a hallmark of 21 stcentury medicine. ” Thank God for Popular Science’s excellent reporting.

n Gloria Deo 愿荣耀归上帝

Sermons From Science -- Aug 2014 科学布道-- 2014年 8月 in both Sermons from Science is now published You. Tube under the name “Pastor Chui” and also in Power. Point slides and corresponding videos in the website http: //Christ. Center. Gospel. org. The contents of this presentation were taken from different sources and in the Internet. May God have all the glory. Pastor Chui http: //Christ. Center. Gospel. org ckchui 1@yahoo. com

Dean Kamen Invented the Slingshot Water Purifier 迪安·卡门发明了弹弓净水器 n n n The Popular Science June 2014 has an article on the above subject by Tom Foster. An excerpt is as follows: “Slingshot Water Purifier: The system needs only enough energy to start the first boil, and a little more to power the compressor and pump. That’s supplied by an outlet or a solar panel; all subsequent boiling and cooling self-perpetuates. “One: The user places a hose in any dirty water source —say, a polluted river or well—and a small pump draws the fluid into the boiling chamber. As the water reaches roughly 100 o C, it turns to steam, which leaves behind any pollutants. They flow out of the chamber via a separate hose.

Dean Kamen Invented the Slingshot Water Purifier 迪安·卡门发明了弹弓净水器

Dean Kamen Invented the Slingshot Water Purifier 迪安·卡门发明了弹弓净水器 n “Two: The steam rises into a compressor, which n n squeezes it and thereby raises its pressure and its temperature by about 10 o C more. The high-pressure vapor now has a higher boiling point, which means it can condense back into water at a temperature greater than 100 o C. “Three: A counterflow heat exchanger runs the superheated water past the incoming flow of dirty water. The process heats the incoming water and cools the hot water to room temperature. That distilled water is ready to drink, while the dirty water vaporizes and begins the process all over again. ” Thank God for the excellent reporting of Popular Science.

n Gloria Deo 愿荣耀归上帝

Sermons From Science — Aug 2014 科学布道— 2014年