METHODOLOGY OF PS THE STRUCTURE OF PS Lecture # 2
Content of the lecture: 1. 2. Methodology of PS The structure of PS
Methodology of PS *Methodology is the doctrine of the most appropriate and effective techniques and methods to obtain (получать) reliable knowledge about the object Methodology of Political Science combines conceptual and specific methods. They are:
Methods of PS: Sociological. Explains the relationship of politics from society. Examines the impact on the political system of economic relations, social structure, ideology and culture. Behavioral. The essence of this methodology is to examine the policy by studying the behavior of individuals and groups (not actors)
Methods of PS: Normative and value. Explains the importance of political events on society and the individual, their evaluation in terms of the common good and justice, freedom, human dignity, etc. Functional. Examines the relationship between the level of economic development and political system, between the number of political parties and the electoral system
Methods of PS: Systemic. Politics is seen as a holistic and complex organism, located in the interaction with the environment. Political system belongs to the supreme power in the society. Anthropological. Studies of the nature of man as a member of the genus with its needs for food, clothing, shelter, safety, spiritual development, and so on. Psychological. Studies the individual, his social environment and characteristics
Methods of PS: Socio-psychological. Explores the psychological groups of people, nations, classes, small groups, crowds, etc. Critical-dialectical. Reveals internal contradictions as a source of promotion policy Comparative. Compares the political events, political systems, political functions and features to find the most effective forms of political organization
Political Science’s structure includes: History of political thought Political Philosophy Political Sociology Political Psychology Political Anthropology Political Ethic Comparative Politics Geopolitics
PS is closely linked with: Philosophy Sociology History Law Economics Psychology
The main directions in the development of modern PS: Institutionalism The theory of separation of powers The theory of the political elites Leadership Subject and object policies