7df72c683357ad94f717550c50f8d061.ppt
- Количество слайдов: 20
Metaphorical Design DECO 1021 Design Computing Studio Spetember 2003
Conceptual Metaphor z “Metaphor allows conventional mental imagery from sensorimotor domains to be used for domains of subjective experience. ” (Lakoff and Johnson, 1999, p 45) z Four structures of the cognitive unconscious provide the basis for understanding how metaphor influences our ability to make sense of subjective experience: x. Basic level concepts x. Semantic frames x. Spatial-relation concepts x. Conceptual metaphor
Basic Level Concepts z“The highest level at which a single mental image can represent the entire category. ” z. For example, the house or the office. z. We do not a have a clear image of a room and specialist knowledge is required to create an image of Frank Lloyd Wright Prairie house.
Semantic Frames z A semantic frame defines relationships among whole fields of related concepts and words that express them. z Using a consistent metaphor allows a person to draw on their semantic frames as the basis for designing a virtual world. z For example, when designing a virtual classroom, appealing to the semantic frame, a person would be able to develop a relationship between the classroom, a lecture, a blackboard, a desk, etc.
Spatial-relation concepts z. Spatial-relation concepts allow the designer of virtual worlds to define consistent actions on the virtual objects as the person would expect to do with the physical object. z. A person would put things “on” a desk, go “out” of a room, write “on” the blackboard.
Conceptual Metaphor z. Conceptual metaphor allows us to conceptualise the virtual world in terms of time and motion in the physical world of architecture.
Metaphor and the Internet z. Information superhighway z. Shopping mall z. Virtual community
Metaphor and the Computer z. Calculator z. Programmable machine z. Desktop
Metaphors for Computer Support for Collaboration and Communication z. Desktop metaphor y. Extend the desktop to include CMC, eg IRC y. Introduce synchronous communication tools z. Place metaphor y. Create a virtual place for collaborative design y. Introduce persistent object modelling of people, places, and things
TAPPED IN Virtual World
Virtual U Online Learning
Architectural Metaphor
Principles of Architecture in Designing Virtual Worlds z. Spatial Enclosure z. Spatial Function z. Spatial Layout
Spatial Enclosure z The sense of spatial boundaries that contain people and things can create a more coherent sense of place. These spaces do not necessarily have physical boundaries. The purpose of the enclosure is to indicate the contents of the space, that is, what is in the space and what is outside the space.
Spatial Function z Architects create different kinds of spaces for different functions. In virtual worlds this may be a simple as labelling a room by its function, or more complex in defining a variety of activities and purposes for a room. In designing VWs, we can start with the easily identified functions of architecture, but we can go beyond this.
Spatial Layout z Architecture is non-linear. Using architectural principles in designing VWs has an associated non-linear topology, where navigation can follow the principles of spatial layout, or the principles of the function of the rooms. People can easily navigate among rooms and buildings without a mental map, and therefore can navigation around a VW without a consistent mapping to physical space.
Spatial Enclosure z. Form creating z. Boundaries z. Place z. Awareness of others z. Determine basic level concepts and associated semantic frame
Spatial Function z. Beyond form z. No function in form? z. New functions? z. Metaphorical reference to function
Spatial Layout z. Topology: defines adjacency z. Dimensions: y 3 D: N, S, E, W, Up, Down y 1 D: In, Out y. ND: Functions z. Time and motion: a sense of time passing depends on observable movement
Discussion z. Relevance of architectural design to designing virtual worlds z. Principles of architectural design when designing cyberspace y. Spatial enclosure y. Spatial function y. Spatial layout
7df72c683357ad94f717550c50f8d061.ppt