Environmental Governance in Europe EU as a global
Environmental Governance in Europe
EU as a global environmental actor Population: over 500 million International trade: 18,5 % ratio Industrial leadership Environmental technical capacities EU as a “party” in international law
Legal basis Art. 3 (3): … to install a high level of environmental quality Art. 3 (5): … to secure global sustainable developement Through: Common Foreign and Security Policy EU as a global environmental actor
Regional agreements: International Rhine Commission (1963) (EU, Switzerland, Lichtenstein) Baltic Sea Commission (1974) Common fishery policy as an example EU as a global environmental actor
Global environmental Governance Concept of sovereignty Self determination No external interventions Territorial integrity Equality between states
Environmental challenges to sovereignty: Transboundery air pollution Climate change Up-river-down-river locations Maritime streams Chernobyl example Global environmental Governance
Governing instruments Treaties, regimes Funding, education Global Heritage of Mankind Dept for nature swap Global emission trading Agenda 21 program Logo / labeling (fsc, bio) Global environmental Governance
Actors Nation States Regional organizations International organizations UNEP UN ICLEI Global Environmental Facility Global environmental Governance
Actors: FAO World Bank IWF WTO Global environmental Actors
Civil Society Actors Greenpeace WWF Friends of the Earth Business organizations Global environmental Actors
Issues Desertification Deforestration Climate Change Biodiversity Nuclear risk Maritime destruction / overfishing Global environmental Actors
Treaties, Regimes, Agreements Non Proliferation Treaty (1969) International Whaling Commission (1946) Montreal Protocol (1987) Kyoto Protocol (1997) Global environmental Governance
Main obstacles Underdevelopment Overdevelopment National egoism Interior links Geographical patterns Ecological justice Ecological footprint Global environmental Governance
Institutional Reform More money needed Lack of economical instruments (to give nature a prize) Incorporation of environmental concerns within other areas More coordination between developing strategies Global environmental Governance
31206-2_environmental_governance_in_europe.ppt
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