cbc926777e18f9efa478ae89da638ec9.ppt
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Currency Coding in Share Life Christian Hunkler
If you already started with currency coding, we will adapt your programs to this scheme 2
Currency Coding - Examples 4 E. g. RC module: MATERNITY BENEFIT AMOUNT rc 032 Can you tell me how much was your first net monthly maternity benefit when you had [{name other child}]? IWER: Enter amount. Enter currency at next question rc 033 IWER: Please ask or code: Which currency was this in? 4 AC module e. g. ac 023/ac 024 sale price of owned property 4 RE module e. g. re 021/re 022 first monthly wage in job 3
Anyt Currency Codinghing 3 that can g - Problems w o rong, we nt! wron concern g ing 4 Respondents think in various pre-Euro currencies curren cies - R’s life-spans cover various currencies & currency reforms - R’s lived in different countries and report in these currencies, either using their actual names/abbreviations, or not - R’s supply non-standard or local currency abbreviations/names, - Or without exact specification (e. g. “francs”: french, swiss, …? ) 4 Interviewers - I’s enter amounts instead of currencies - I’s enter answers to other questions instead of currencies - typos 4 Strings - Strings allow R’s and I’s to fully charge us with all these issues - Currency abbreviations are short (2 -/3 -digits), difficult to unambiguously identify typos 4
Currency Coding - Examples Switzerland Spain 4 francs suisses 4 pesetas y euros 4 schw. fr 4 8000000. 00 4 hospice general 4 uros 4 franchi 4 pesertas 4 fr. Is uros a typo of Euros, or something else? 4 a-dollar Poland Did the last 3 R’s maybe live in Luxemburg, or in France? 4 marki Whats “a dollar”? “Deutsche Mark”, “Mark der DDR”, “Reichsmark”; Finnish Markkaa; there are more marks! 5
Currency Coding - General Process 4 In total 1186 unique currency strings (15. 05. 2009); between 28 (FR) and 192 (CH) per country 4 Step 1 – Assess the Mess - Code strings as conservative as possible into numeric variables Raw Currency Codes (RCC), to be distributed to users Coding by country teams (MEA supplies templates) 4 Step 2 – Use all countries inf. to reduce unknown codes - e. g. from various countries we see a currency “PKR” and majority of these respondents lived in Pakistan; Pakistan Rupees Generated Currency Codes (GCC), coordinated by MEA; any other good “hypothesis” are welcome: Interviewer 4 Step 3 – Involve experts to develop Generated Amounts 6
Currency Coding Step 1 “Assess the mess” Users should be given access to the raw data as close as possible to be able to recode their own measures 4 Coding Rules for Raw Currency Codes (RCC) - Only code “safe” answers into currency codes [If you did not start yet, please use our currency code list] - Do not impose any additional assumptions - Do not pick “the likeliest” currency - Rather use additional codes (>300) for uncertain strings - Additional Codes New standard missing codes (-2=“refusal”; -1=“don’t know”) -6 : amount instead of currency -7 : answer to different question 7
Currency Coding Step 1 “Assess the mess” 4 3 Template Do Files share_w 3_CC_01_currency_coding_EXTRACT_STRINGS_vers_01. do extracts all currency variables from all modules, deletes duplicates, and stores all unique currency strings in countryspecific file(s) share_w 3_CC_02_currency_coding_CODE_SCHEME_vers_01. do template with sample commands for German data on how to code currency variables using globals share_w 3_CC_03_currency_coding_APPLY_SCHEME_vers_01. do applies the code-scheme from the previous program to all currency variables in all modules 8
share_w 3_de_01_currency_coding_ EXTRACT_STRINGS_vers_01. do *----[0: PREPARATIONS (i. e. path definitions. . . )]------------global INPATH global STUB global COUNTRY global OUTPATH "L: /MEA_R/20090515/CAPI/de" // Data Folder "sharew 3_" // Filenames without module suffix "de" // Select your country "L: /temp" // Specify a directory to store the // the final file and a couple of // temporary files *------------------------------------clear version 9. 0 set mem 300 m pause off set more off *** NO CHANGES NEEDED BELOW *** 9
share_w 3_de_01_currency_coding_ EXTRACT_STRINGS_vers_01. do *----[I: EXTRACT CURRENCY STRINGS FROM ALL MODULES]-----------foreach c in $COUNTRY quietly { foreach m in ac cs cv_r fq fs gl hc hs iv ls mn rc re rp st xt { { *>> prepare empty dataset to store all currency strings clear set obs 1 // one empty line added gen str 20 currency = "" save "${OUTPATH}/currency_coding_`c'. dta", replace *>> select currency variables use "${INPATH}/${STUB}`m'. dta", clear quietly ds, has(varlabel *currency*) // r(varlist) holds list // of vars with currency *>> store varlist as global to have it available for later use global cvars_`c'_`m' `r(varlist)' 10
share_w 3_de_01_currency_coding_ EXTRACT_STRINGS_vers_01. do *>> extract each currency variable, drop duplicates/empty strings foreach var of global cvars_`c'_`m' { use `var' using "${INPATH}/${STUB}`m'. dta", clear rename `var' currency duplicates drop keep if currency!="" save "${OUTPATH}/tempfile_`c'_`m'_`var'. dta", replace } *>> use empty dataset and append all single currency vars use "${OUTPATH}/currency_coding_`c'. dta", clear foreach var of global cvars_`c'_`m' { append using "${OUTPATH}/tempfile_`c'_`m'_`var'. dta" } *>> aggregate it within modules duplicates drop keep if currency!="" // the one empty line is dropped save "${OUTPATH}/currency_coding_`c'_`m'. dta", replace 11
share_w 3_de_01_currency_coding_ EXTRACT_STRINGS_vers_01. do *>> aggregate it within countries use "${OUTPATH}/currency_coding_`c'_ac. dta", clear foreach m in cs cv_r fq fs gl hc hs iv ls mn rc re rp st xt append using "$OUTPATH/currency_coding_`c'_`m'. dta" } { *>> Make basic string corrections, get rid of duplicates again replace currency = lower(itrim(currency))) duplicates drop keep if currency!="" *>> save final coding file country wise save "${OUTPATH}/currency_coding_`c'. dta", replace *>> erase temporary files foreach m in ac cs cv_r fq fs gl hc hs iv ls mn rc re rp st xt erase "${OUTPATH}/currency_coding_`c'_`m'. dta" } } //quietly end { 12
share_w 3_de_02_currency_coding_ CODE_SCHEME_vers_01. do *----[0: PREPARATIONS (i. e. path definitions. . . )]-----------global COUNTRY "de" // Select your country global OUTPATH "L: /temp" // Specify the same directory as in // Do File 1, where final file of do // file 1 is stored use $OUTPATH/currency_coding_${COUNTRY}. dta, replace global CURVAR currency // store it as global, as the code scheme // developed for this list of strings is // used for all "real" currency variables // in all modules // therefore we need a "container" we can // replace with real variable names later // on *** out-comment everything above for use in program 3 13
share_w 3_de_02_currency_coding_ CODE_SCHEME_vers_01. do *----[1: CODING SECTION]------------------------gen ${CURVAR}c =. // generate numeric variable holding coded version // of CURVAR *>> STATA LABELS lab var ${CURVAR}c „Currency Code Sheme for country: ${COUNTRY}" lab def ${CURVAR}c -6 "amount instead of currency" -7 "answer to different question" , modify lab def ${CURVAR}c -2 "refusal" -1 "don't know" , modify lab lab … def ${CURVAR}c 1 "eur - euro" 5 "bef - belgian franc" 14 "chf - swiss francs" 15 "cyp - cyprus pound" , modify 14
share_w 3_de_02_currency_coding_ CODE_SCHEME_vers_01. do *>> CODE NUMBERS & OTHER SUBSTANTIVE ANSWERS; REFUSALS; CORRECT TYPOS OF KNOWN CURRENCIES replace ${CURVAR}c = -2 if inlist($CURVAR, "#refusal#") replace ${CURVAR}c = -1 if inlist($CURVAR, "#don't know#") replace ${CURVAR}c = -6 if inlist($CURVAR, "30", "270", "320") replace ${CURVAR}c = -6 if inlist($CURVAR, "1170", "00", "2200") replace ${CURVAR}c = -6 if inlist($CURVAR, "300000", "150", "420") replace ${CURVAR}c = -7 if inlist($CURVAR, "1952", "sekretärin") *>> CODE EUROS & "SAVE" CURRENCIES replace ${CURVAR}c = 1 if inlist($CURVAR, "euro", "eur", "euo") replace ${CURVAR}c = 18 if inlist($CURVAR, "dm", "deutache mark") replace ${CURVAR}c = 18 if inlist($CURVAR, "deutsche mark", "d-mark") … replace ${CURVAR}c = 17 if inlist($CURVAR, "mark der ddr", "ddr mark") … 15
share_w 3_de_02_currency_coding_ CODE_SCHEME_vers_01. do *>> once in a while: drop all already coded strings: drop if ${CURVAR}c !=. // out-comment this for use in program 3 *>> and open data browser again to check the remaining strings: br // abbreviation for browse out-comment this *>> Use replace replace >300 codes ${CURVAR}c ${CURVAR}c for all =341 if =342 if =343 if =344 if =345 if remaining strings inlist($CURVAR, "deputat (naturalien)") inlist($CURVAR, "ru") inlist($CURVAR, "lat") inlist($CURVAR, "tjige") inlist($CURVAR, "ruel") *** out-comment everything below for use in program 3 *>> you are done if all strings are represented by numeric codes drop if ${CURVAR}c !=. . list. // NO MORE STRINGS IN FILE, CODING IS DONE : -) 16
share_w 3_de_03_currency_coding_ APPLY_SCHEME_vers_01. do *----[0: PREPARATIONS (i. e. path definitions. . . )]--- as beforeach c in $COUNTRY foreach m in ac cs cv_r fq fs gl hc hs iv ls mn rc re rp st xt { { *>> select currency variables use "${INPATH}/${STUB}`m'. dta", clear quietly ds, has(varlabel *currency*) global cvars_`c'_`m' `r(varlist)' // store varlist as global *>> label currency variables in each module use "${INPATH}/${STUB}`m'. dta", clear foreach var of global cvars_`c'_`m' { global CURVAR `var' replace `var' = lower(itrim(`var'))) do "${DOFILE}/share_w 3_de_02_currency_coding_CODE_SCHEME. do" save "${OUTPATH}/sharew 3_`m'_withcurcodes. dta", replace } } } 17
Currency Coding Step 1 “Assess the mess” 4 Risky assumption 4 The procedure takes only currency string variables into account that have „currency“ in their variable label 4 So, if you discover any other variable including currencies but having a different label, let us know 4 If labels are changed, e. g. non-English labels, the procedure will not work anymore. Remedies: 1. You have to change the label search command: – quietly ds, has(varlabel *currency*) – 2. We send you a file containing all unique currency strings for your country 18
Suggestions for Step 1 “Assess the mess” 1. Easiest to code all typos of country’s actual/pre-Euro currency [swiss francs, s. f. , …] 2. Easy to code “country & currencies” formatted answers [argent. pesos] For 1. & 2. , please use Share_w 3_all_Currency. Code. Plan. xls 3. Easy to code “currency names”, please do not make assumptions here [dollar, mark, …] its obvious for “dollars” or “marks” that it might be misleading; and maybe is also for other currency names 4. Check remaining strings, maybe there are some more strings with only minor typos For 3. & 4. , develop own codes, preferably >300 19
MEA Wants 1. Program 2 or similar styled list of strings, their codes, and codeplan use the Stata template files, or if you use SPSS, please use a format (tabs, spaces) that allows easy transformation 2. List of currencies in use during respondents life span, preferably including - English currency name, Date of currency being effective [& Expiration Date] i. e. currency reforms Typically used abbreviation codes for these currencies 3. Any good ideas/expertise on how to reduce the remaining problems 20
Thank you 21